adminA constitution is a set of rules that define the nature and limits of government. Most constitutions regulate the relationship between institutions of government, namely the executive, legislature and judiciary. Most also establish broad rights of citizens. Some constitutions are very detailed, while others contain general provisions that can be adjusted to the needs of the times.
The United States Constitution consists of an introductory statement called the preamble and articles that enumerate the powers granted to the federal government, and divides those powers among the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The Framers feared a majority might give itself tyrannical power, so they limited its powers and put checks and balances on their exercise. The President, for example, can veto legislation created by Congress, and the Supreme Court, nominated by the president and confirmed by Congress, interprets laws and settles legal disputes.
Article II delineates the responsibilities of Congress, which include raising funds, declaring war, and making all other laws necessary to execute its powers. Congress can override presidential vetoes with two-thirds majorities in each house of Congress. Congress also must approve the President’s choice for heads of federal agencies and high-court justices, as well as treaties before they can be ratified.
The Constitution also imposes requirements for eligibility for the office of President, requiring that a person be at least 35 years old and a natural-born citizen of the United States. The Constitution also requires that a President must be “sober and well disposed” in order to perform his duties and cannot hold any other office at the same time.
